Fibonacci–Lucas–Pell–Jacobsthal relations

Abstract

In this paper, we prove several identities involving linear combinations of convolutions of the generalized Fibonacci and Lucas sequences. Our results apply more generally to broader classes of second-order linearly recurrent sequences with constant coefficients. As a consequence, we obtain as special cases many identities relating exactly four sequences amongst the Fibonacci, Lucas, Pell, Pell–Lucas, Jacobsthal, and Jacobsthal–Lucas number sequences. We make use of algebraic arguments to establish our results, frequently employing the Binet-like formulas and generating functions of the corresponding sequences. Finally, our identities above may be extended so that they include only terms whose subscripts belong to a given arithmetic progression of the non-negative integers.